Integrated comparison of energy efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor network: A survey

The dramatic increase in sensors application over the past 20 years, made it clear that the sensors will make a revolution like that witnessed in microcomputers in 1980s. Moreover, some researchers have labeled the first decade of the 21st century as the “Sensor Decade” [1]. Sensor nodes are powered by limited capacity of batteries and because of this limitation, the energy consumption of a sensor node must be tightly controlled. WSN life time mainly depends on the lifetime of limited power source of the nodes. Therefore, energy consumption is main concern in WSNs. So, during the operation of each sensor node, the sources that consume energy must be analyzed and maintained efficiently. In this paper, we have focused on features of Sensor Networks, Clustering and Routing and more precisely on Energy Efficient (E.E) routing protocols and finally, made an integrated comparison among these E.E Routing protocols.