2019冠状病毒病在埃塞俄比亚:政策立场、领导应对和挑战

Mulat Abebel Reta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

国际社会在不同时间点受到COVID-19等疫情的影响。由RNA病毒引起的病毒,属于CORONA(拉丁冠状病毒,从病毒结构看电镜下)病毒科。世界上的发达国家和不发达国家都受到了这一病毒的重大挑战。这是2019年底在武汉市报告的中国首例。这种疾病开始造成破坏,这种流行病的破坏性影响迫使世界卫生组织宣布它为全球大流行。COVID-19是以动物和病毒的人际传播形式传播的。身体接触和呼吸途径是两种最重要的已确定的病毒传播途径。不良的手卫生习惯、过度拥挤以及握手等密切身体接触是导致病毒在极短时间内迅速传播的原因。在中国,这种疾病首次被发现,这表明教育公众被证明是预防传播的关键。主要目的是解释和探讨埃塞俄比亚领导层应对COVID-19的做法、政策立场和挑战。该报告描述了埃塞俄比亚领导层的应对措施以及埃塞俄比亚政府对新冠肺炎的政策立场。本案头审查的主要目的是得出综合意见,分析数据,评估COVID-19防护实践,并为埃塞俄比亚政府进一步的监管指令和研究问题提供可能的结论和建议。定性研究技术已被用于案头审查。方法包括文献回顾法、二手资料分析法、研究成果分析法和个案分析法。埃塞俄比亚政府的主要应对措施是,继世界卫生组织于2020年3月12日宣布该病毒为大流行之后,于2020年3月16日因COVID-19关闭了学校。埃塞俄比亚教育部于2020年4月3日制定了一份“教育部门COVID-19防范和应对计划概念说明”。国家COVID-19预防指南规定了卫生保健工作者权利、卫生设施的雇主和管理人员以及卫生保健工作者的作用和责任。尽管政府做得很好,但自2020年6月以来,埃塞俄比亚确诊的COVID-19病例数量大幅增加。网络能力不足,优质数字教育资源不足,教师利用信息技术能力不足,师生在线互动和情感交流不足。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
COVID-19 in Ethiopia: Policy Stance, Leadership Response, and Challenges
International community impacted by the incidence like COVID-19 in different point of time. The virus caused by RNA virus that belongs to the family of CORONA (Latin Crown, from the structure of the virus under electron microscope) virus. The world both developed and underdeveloped nations has been challenged/challenging by the virus significantly. It was the first reported in China in Wuhan City at the end of 2019. The disease began to create destruction and the devastating effect of the pandemic forced the World Health Organization to declare it as a global pandemic. COVID-19 is animals and the virus spread in the form of human-to-human transmission. Physical contact and respiratory routs are the two most important well-established routs of transmission of the virus. Poor hand hygiene practice, overcrowding, and close physical contacts like hand shaking contributes for the fast spread of the virus with in very short period. In China the disease was first recognized shows educating the public is proven as a key in preventing transmission. The main objective was to explain and explore the practice of leadership response, policy stance and challenges of COVID-19 in Ethiopia. The report includes describing the response of leadership and policy stance of stance of Ethiopian government towards COVID-19 lesson from Ethiopia. The major purpose of this desk review was to arrive at synthesis opinion, analyses the data, evaluate the practice of COVID-19 protection, and provide possible conclusion and recommendation to for further regulatory directives and research issues of the government of Ethiopia. Qualitative research techniques have been used for the desk review. The method includes literature review by analyzing secondary data, research findings, and case analysis. The major governmental response of Ethiopia was like closed schools due to COVID-19 on 16 March 2020, following the declaration of the virus as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 12 March 2020. The Ministry of Education of Ethiopia developed a ‘Concept Note for Education Sector COVID-19 Preparedness and Response Plan’ on 3 April 2020. The national COVID-19 prevention guideline dictates the roles and responsibilities of Health care workers’ Rights, Employers and managers in health facilities and Health care workers. Though, the government doing things well, since June 2020, the number of identified COVID-19 cases has increased substantially in Ethiopia. There are insufficient network capabilities, high-quality digital education resources, and teacher capacity in use of information technology, and online teacher-student interaction and emotional communication.
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