Improvement of Leach Routing Algorithm Based on the Use of Game Theory

Wireless Sensor Networks usage is spreading throughout many aspects of life, such as health, military, security, environment monitoring and others, providing more important services with less efforts and costs. The rational energy consumption in WSNs is one of the main fields of scientific researches that have been done on the different layers of the protocols' stack, LEACH is an energy-efficient routing protocol based on the clustering technique that expands the lifetime span of a WSN remarkably. However the randomly chosen cluster head may be located near to another one, thing that causes a useless waste of energy that is proportional to the number of cluster heads located close to each others. A proposed distributed algorithm is designed by applying game theory concepts to design a non-cooperative game and a Nash Equilibrium solution's concept to avoid this issue, by computing a value of the probability to be cluster head, that takes into account the localization of other neighbor cluster heads.