{"title":"重新审视冯·诺伊曼的偏见硬币","authors":"L. Bienvenu, B. Monin","doi":"10.1109/LICS.2012.26","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Suppose you want to generate a random sequence of zeros and ones and all you have at your disposal is a coin which you suspect to be biased (but do not know the bias). Can \"perfect\" randomness be produced with this coin? The answer is positive, thanks to a little trick discovered by von Neumann. In this paper, we investigate a generalization of this question: if we have access to a source of bits produced according to some probability measure in some class of measures, and suppose we know the class but not the measure (in the above example, the class would be the class of all Bernoulli measures), can perfect randomness be produced? We will look at this question from the viewpoint of effective mathematics and in particular the theory of effective randomness.","PeriodicalId":407972,"journal":{"name":"2012 27th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"11","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Von Neumann's Biased Coin Revisited\",\"authors\":\"L. Bienvenu, B. Monin\",\"doi\":\"10.1109/LICS.2012.26\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Suppose you want to generate a random sequence of zeros and ones and all you have at your disposal is a coin which you suspect to be biased (but do not know the bias). Can \\\"perfect\\\" randomness be produced with this coin? The answer is positive, thanks to a little trick discovered by von Neumann. In this paper, we investigate a generalization of this question: if we have access to a source of bits produced according to some probability measure in some class of measures, and suppose we know the class but not the measure (in the above example, the class would be the class of all Bernoulli measures), can perfect randomness be produced? We will look at this question from the viewpoint of effective mathematics and in particular the theory of effective randomness.\",\"PeriodicalId\":407972,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"2012 27th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science\",\"volume\":\"54 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2012-06-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"11\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"2012 27th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS.2012.26\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"2012 27th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LICS.2012.26","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Suppose you want to generate a random sequence of zeros and ones and all you have at your disposal is a coin which you suspect to be biased (but do not know the bias). Can "perfect" randomness be produced with this coin? The answer is positive, thanks to a little trick discovered by von Neumann. In this paper, we investigate a generalization of this question: if we have access to a source of bits produced according to some probability measure in some class of measures, and suppose we know the class but not the measure (in the above example, the class would be the class of all Bernoulli measures), can perfect randomness be produced? We will look at this question from the viewpoint of effective mathematics and in particular the theory of effective randomness.