Power System Performance Enhancement using Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage unit and Proportional Integral Derivative Control

Frequency oscillations in power systems may occur due to sudden load change or system disturbance. Such oscillations may result in unsynchronized and undamped signals. In a multi machine system where all generators must operate in synchronism, undamped oscillations may lead to instability. To overcome this issue, this paper proposes a damping control scheme consisting of Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) and Proportional Integral Differential (PID) controller to effectively damp frequency oscillations in multi-machine systems. Control parameters of the proposed SMES-PID system are tuned using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. Simulation results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed controller in damping the frequency oscillations and maintain system dynamic and transient stability during various disturbance events. It is shown the design can find better quality solution in minimizing overshoot at frequency variations up to 78 % and accelerating the settling time up to 67 %.