当代乌克兰网络大众媒体话语中借用的足球词汇

Юлія Молоткіна
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摘要

本文从英语体育词汇中,特别是足球主题词汇中,对新外来词进行了分析。现代乌克兰语中出现的英语问题与当代乌克兰语言学有关。由于全球化进程对乌克兰的影响,词汇借用从未停止,不断有新的词汇和概念丰富乌克兰词汇。现代乌克兰语语言学最重要的问题之一是新外来词的区分问题,因为新外来词不仅仅是具体的词,而是整个单位。现代网络传媒话语中词汇借用的研究具有十分重要的意义,因为网络主要为说话者提供新的借用词汇。在乌克兰网络大众媒体的话语中,有许多来自不同类型体育的体育术语。其中绝大多数是外来语体育术语。其原因在于,乌克兰语中缺乏与新舶来词对应的词汇。此外,大量的国际体育信息促进了借用术语的实现。此外,值得注意的是,借来的体育术语来源于不同的体育运动。例如,足球在乌克兰人民中非常受欢迎,这成为乌克兰互联网大众媒体中出现许多足球术语的原因。本研究的目的是分析从现代乌克兰网络媒体文本中检索到的足球专题词汇。事实证明,当代乌克兰互联网大众媒体的话语中充满了源自英语的足球词汇——不仅仅是一些特定的术语,而是它们的整个词汇语义子集。此外,事实证明,借用足球术语不仅在体育大众媒体中使用,而且在政治和社会主题中也广泛传播。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
BORROWED FOOTBAL LEXIS IN THE DISCOURSE OF A CONTEMPORARY UKRAINIAN INTERNET MASS MEDIA
The article deals with the analysis of the new borrowed lexemes which derive from the sport lexis of the English language, particularly from the football thematic. The problem of the emergence of anglicisms in the modern Ukrainian language is relevant to the contemporary Ukrainian linguistics. Due to the globalization processes, which influenced on Ukraine, lexical borrowing never stops and enriches Ukrainian vocabulary with new words and notions. One of the most important problems of the modern Ukrainian linguistics is the problem of the differentiation of the newest borrowed lexemes as there are being adopted not just specific words but whole units of a foreign lexis. Research of the lexical borrowings usage in the discourse of a modern Internet mass media is very important as it is mainly the Internet that provides new borrowed lexemes to the speakers. There are many sport terms derived from different kinds of sport in the discourse of the Ukrainian Internet mass media. A vast majority of them is the sports terms borrowed from the foreign languages. The reason for that lies in the fact that there is a lack of Ukrainian equivalents for the new borrowed lexemes. Moreover, a big amount of an international information about sport boosts the actualization of the borrowed terms. Furthermore, it is worth noting that borrowed sport terms derive from different kinds of sport. Thus, for instance, huge popularity of football among the Ukrainian people became the reason for the emergence of many football terms in the Internet mass media of Ukraine. The aim of this research is to analyze the borrowed lexemes of football thematic retrieved from the texts of a modern Ukrainian Internet media. It is proved that the discourse of a contemporary Ukrainian Internet mass media is filled with the football lexemes derived from the English language – there are not just some particular terms but whole lexical-semantic subgroups of them. Moreover, it is proved that borrowed football terms are used not only in a sport mass media but they are also widely spread in political and social thematic.
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