Research on data collection and energy supplement mechanism in WRSN based on UAV: a method to maximize energy supplement efficiency

Energy has always been a key bottleneck restricting the large-scale deployment and long-term operation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs) can effectively alleviate the energy-constrained problem of sensor nodes. However, due to the constraints of the service capabilities of mobile charging equipment, how to efficiently replenish energy and maintain the long-term operation of the network is still very challenging. In this paper, we propose an UAV-based energy replenishment mechanism in WRSN, which aims to maximize the replenished energy benefit of the network from the energy expended by UAVs. This paper firstly constructs the network model and defines the optimization problem of energy replenishment efficiency maximization. Then, in order to improve the performance of WRSN in terms of energy replenishment efficiency, the node clustering, anchor node selection and flight path planning problems are respectively studied, and a data collection and energy replenishment mechanism is proposed for the above problems. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the energy replenishment efficiency of the system, prolong the life of the network and balance the energy consumption of the network.