Introducing new technology to the air traffic controller: Implications for skill acquisition and training

Training controllers in such a way as to maximize acceptance of new technology should have several aims. The first aim of a training program is to train people for development. The focus is to make those controllers who become involved in the development and design process knowledgeable about the technology. In this way, their expertise as controllers can best influence technology that controllers in the field will be willing to use. To get the most from this user involvement in the early phases, this training will also have to focus on ameliorating those factors that build resistance in users. The second aim of the training program is to prepare end-users. Again, one focus of the training must address the kinds of issues that create resistance in users. Further, the program must provide the controllers with the skills necessary to use the technology. Thus trainers must not only have expertise in the technology, but also expertise in conveying knowledge. At the same time, they must be able to address the issues that will result in greater user acceptance.