Study on the Time-Space Distribution of Water Cultural Heritage in Putian

Water Cultural Heritage is an important part of Cultural Heritage, which is divided into Tangible Cultural Heritage and Intangible Cultural Heritage, and Water Conservancy Heritage is the main part of the Water Cultural Heritage. There is a strong relationship between the development of Putian Water Cultural Heritage and urban in the history, Water Conservancy Heritage is also the main part of Putian's Water Cultural Heritage, and it has derived out the abundant Intangible Water Cultural Heritage. The spatial distribution of Putian Tangible Water Cultural Heritage takes the river as the skeleton, which is divided into five heritage cluster areas mainly. In the time distributions, Qing Dynasty has the most quantity, followed by the Ming and Yuan Dynasty. The water resource in Putian has changed a lot, many features of Water Cultural Heritage also changed or disappeared, so they are desperately needed to protect and manage effectively. 1. Basic information Putian City (24°59′-25°46′ N, 118°27′-119°40′E) is located in the middle part along the eastern coast of Fujian Province. It is between mountains and waters, with overlapping mountains in the northwest, undulating hills in the middle and flat land in the southeast. The water systems in this territory are ample, mainly Mulan River and Qiulu River. Most of the rivers come from the northern mountainous areas. There are 30 rivers with a drainage area of more than 50 km2, with steep slopes and rapid flow. The annual discharge varies greatly which features a maximum-to-minimum ratio of 4-6 times, and a great difference between flood and dry seasons within a year, with the discharge in flood season (April-September) accounts for 80-90% of the annual total. Putian City has four districts (Chengxiang District, Hanjiang District, Licheng District, Xiuyu District), one county (Xianyou County), and two administrative committees under its jurisdiction. Putian, a new port city on the west side of the Straits and the world’s Mazu Culture center, has been the political, economic and cultural center of central Fujian since ancient times. Mulan River is the mother river of Putian City, with a total length of 168 km and a drainage area of 1,732 km. It is the largest river in central Fujian and one of the eight main river systems in Fujian Province. Located in the lower reaches of Mulan River, the Nanbeiyang river network crisscrosses the Nanbeiyang Plain, one of the four major plains in Fujian Province. Qiulu River, the second largest river in Putian City, converges with Jiulihu River, Ju River, Changling River, Yucang River, etc. and then joins into Mulan River to flow into the sea. Yanshou River, the largest tributary of Mulan River, has a total length of 189 km with all main and affluent streams counted in and a rainwater-collecting area of 709 km. 2. History of regional water development Putian County was set up since 568 A.D., with city wall and moat built, water conservancy projects 2nd International Conference on Humanities Education and Social Sciences (ICHESS 2019) Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 369