印尼旅游业的标准制度和旅游村庄建设的悖论:mang河南村的经验

Fatih Gama Abisono Nasution
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摘要

结构视角通过不改变权力关系不平等的选举主义陷阱中的民主化现象,很好地解释了发展悖论。本文通过提出治理的概念来探索发展的悖论,从而在另一种意义上展开。然而,本研究并不反对这样的论点,即发展的矛盾失败源于导致发展非政治化的发展模式。作者通过微观地考察起作用的权力类型,深化了这一论点。更具体地说,本研究讨论了关于发展的现有知识制度如何产生矛盾症状的问题。从班图尔县曼古南村的案例来看,本研究的结果表明,以提高公民福利的名义建立的旅游发展实际上只服务于旅游业的增长。这可以从知识制度中看出,知识制度是正在实施的项目存在的基础,即鼓励符合旅游商业标准的旅游业的发展。这种知识机制只适用于那些有途径和资源来满足各种旅游行业标准的商业行为者。同时,资源能力有限的居民无法达到各种标准。简而言之,这种知识制度实际上助长了公民之间经济不平等的差距。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Rezim Standar Industri Pariwisata dan Paradoks Pembangunan Desa Wisata di Indonesia: Pengalaman Desa Mangunan
The structural perspective explains well the paradox of development through the phenomenon of democratization in the trap of electoralism that does not change the inequality of power relations. This article moves in a different sense by offering the concept of governmentality in exploring the paradox of development. However, this study does not reject the argument that the paradoxical failure of development stems from the development mode that results in the depoliticization of development. The author deepens this argument by examining microscopically the types of power that work. More specifically, this study discusses the question of how the existing regime of knowledge about development produces paradoxical symptoms. Departing from the case of Mangunan Village, Bantul Regency, the findings in this study indicate that tourism development which was built in the name of a program to improve the welfare of the citizens in fact only serves the growth of the tourism industry. This can be seen from the knowledge regime that underlies the existence of the programs being carried out, namely encouraging the growth of the tourism industry that meets tourism business standards. This kind of knowledge regime is only possible for business actors who have access and resources to meet various tourism industry standards. Meanwhile, residents with limited resource capacity cannot meet various standards. In short, this kind of knowledge regime actually contributes to widening the gap in economic inequality between citizens.
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