热胁迫对面包小麦农业经济性状的影响基因型

W. A. Jatoi, A. Abbasi, S. Memon, R. A. Rind, Zulifquar Ali Abbasi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在全球变暖加剧的情况下,热应激得到了更多的重视。不幸的是,巴基斯坦也是世界上受高温影响最严重的国家之一。在这方面,小麦是巴基斯坦最重要的主要食用作物,受到热胁迫的严重影响。为了解决这一问题,我们在位于坦多贾姆的信德省农业大学植物育种与遗传学系试验田对Moomal、Mehran、Imdad-05、Anmol- 91、Benazir、TJ-83、SKD-1、TD-1、Abadgar和Hamal等10个面包小麦基因型进行了研究。为评估小麦基因型对末端热胁迫的响应,本试验采用随机完全区组设计(因子排列),共3个重复,于2016-17 Rabi季节进行。在两个播期,即2016年11月24日作为正常播期和2016年12月31日作为热胁迫播期,对小麦基因型进行评估。方差分析显示,两个播期的基因型差异显著,说明该试验适合改良面包小麦耐热基因型。栽植后期各性状降低,表明热胁迫对农业经济性状的影响较为明显。热胁迫条件下,平均株高(cm)、分蘖数/株、穗长(cm)、颖花数/穗、粒数/穗、千粒重(g)和单株产量(g)分别下降了-4.63、-2.49、-3.04、-4.35、-16.29、-14.08和-9.09个单位,而TJ-83、SKD-1和Mehran等基因型在热胁迫条件下的各项性状下降幅度最小,表明其耐热性。尽管如此,品种Moomal和Benazir在热胁迫下表现出最大的下降,表明它们对热胁迫条件的敏感性。其余基因型均具有中等耐热性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effect of Heat Stress for Agro-Economic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes
In the scenario of increasing global warming, heat stress received more importance. Un- fortunately, Pakistan is also in the line of most heat affected countries of the world. In this regard, wheat being a most important staple edible crop of Pakistan is highly affected by heat stress. For combating this situation, a study was carried-out on ten bread wheat genotypes viz. Moomal, Mehran, Imdad-05, Anmol- 91, Benazir, TJ-83, SKD-1, TD-1, Abadgar and Hamal at the Experimental Field, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam. The experiment was laid-out in a randomized complete block design (factorial arrangement) with three replications during Rabi season, 2016-17 in order to assess the response of wheat genotypes to terminal heat stress tolerance. Wheat genotypes were evaluated in two sowing dates viz., on 24th November as a normal planting and late planting on 31th December, 2016 considered as heat stress condition. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes under both sowing dates indicating suitability of the experiment to improve bread wheat genotypes for heat tolerance. Reductions in various traits were observed in late planting which indicated visible effects of heat stress on agro-economic traits. On an average plant height (cm), tillers/plant, spike length (cm), spikelets/spike, grains/spike, 1000-grain weight (g) and grain yield/plant (g) were declined by -4.63, -2.49, -3.04, -4.35, -16.29, -14.08 and -9.09 units respectively under the heat stress conditions, while the wheat genotypes like TJ-83, SKD-1 and Mehran showed minimum reductions under heat stress conditions for various traits suggesting their heat tolerance, nonetheless cultivars Moomal and Benazir expressed maximum declines under heat stress expressing their susceptibility to heat stress conditions. The remaining genotypes were found as moderately heat stress tolerant.  
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