Research and verification of sensing information assisted millimeter wave beam tracking algorithm for automated vehicles

In order to solve the problem of mass raw data sharing among automated vehicles, millimeter wave (mmWave) communication is considered as an efficient technology to ensure the communication requirements of low-latency and high data rate between vehicles and roadside facilities. However, in the autonomous driving scenario, a fast and robust beam tracking algorithm is needed to ensure the quality of communication. We propose a sensing information assisted mmWave beam tracking algorithm combining both camera and light detection and ranging (LiDAR). The beam misalignment problem of the camera in the case of insufficient ambient light is solved and the robustness of the beam tracking algorithm is enhanced. The proposed algorithm in this paper is validated by the joint sensing and communication hardware platform in the mmWave frequency band, which can guarantee the high data rate communication performance regardless of sufficient and insufficient ambient light under the mobility scenarios.