Lightning effects on interconnected ground installations: Hybrid 3D-1D numerical approach in time domain

In this paper, we present a strategy based on a multi-domain hybrid approach in the time domain by coupling 3D methods (FDTD, FVTD ...) with a transmission line (TL) method to simulate large-scale electromagnetic problems. The paper gives the main keys to couple together the numerical methods based on different formulations. The challenge is first to have an implicit definition of the electromagnetic field in the theory of transmission lines, and secondly to take into account the effects of the soil on the induced currents and on the electromagnetic field. The aim of this work is to propose an efficient numerical strategy to compute the electromagnetic induced effects of lightning on large and complex sites, composed of several interconnected distant buildings.