Determination of Tariff Limits for Energy and Material Resources Using National Accounts Data

The structure and interconnection of the main macroeconomic indicators reflected in the National Accounts of the Republic of Moldova: “Release” (R), “Intermediate Consumption” (IC), “Gross Value Added” (GVA), “Gross Domestic Product” (GDP). The place of tariffs in the general structure of economic indicators has been determined. It is shown that the tariffs for energy and other types of material resources and the costs accompanying the production cycle are in the “Intermediate Consumption” (IC) sector. It is shown that an increase in tariffs leads to a decrease (GVA) and, accordingly, a decrease in volume (GDP). It is established in a quantitative form as far as the growth of tariffs overtakes the growth of real GDP. A new methodology for setting tariff limits is given, taking into account the dynamics of real GDP growth, indicators of planned GDP growth, as well as the average annual consumer price index. On the basis of calculations and substantiations, it is concluded that tariffs should be reduced by 5.6% for natural gas, by 17.7% for electricity, and by 32% for thermal energy of the central heating system, compared to their current values. The proposed methodology and approach will contribute to the sustainable development of the economy as a whole, including the energy sector, and also take into account the tasks of further improving the state of the social sphere.