Comprehensive analysis of various Energy detection parameters in spectrum sensing for cognitive radio systems

The radio spectrum is the most vital resource that needs to be efficiently utilized. The cognitive radio technology has been proposed to overcome the problem of spectrum under utilization. One of the key challenges for a cognitive radio system is to detect the presence of primary (licensed) users over the entire dynamic spectrum at a specific time and a particular geographic location. Thus for effective band utilization cognitive radio provides a unique solution in terms of spectrum sensing techniques. In spectrum sensing, the aim of secondary user is to identify the occupancy or vacancy of a particular radio channel over the entire radio spectrum. This paper presents the performance analysis of energy detection scheme of spectrum sensing. The Energy detector technique is well recognized by its relative ease of implementation. This paper highlights the effects of communication parameters like Signal to noise ratio, number of samples and noise uncertainty on the probability of detection and probability of false alarm of energy detector. The simulations are plotted using MATLAB software.