在军事和紧急情况下,确保肌肉骨骼系统损伤和疾病患者的身体活动

M. A. Saveliev
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摘要

这项研究的目的是考虑在紧急情况、军事冲突、自然灾害等情况下增加残疾人(坐轮椅的)身体活动的主要方法。材料和方法。提交人在基辅区域残疾人体育运动中心“侵入”工作多年期间开展了残疾人(坐轮椅的)身体康复研究,并在2022-2023年该国军事行动期间继续开展这项研究,重点是在军事和紧急情况下患者的康复问题。在军事行动限制的条件下,为了增加残疾人(坐轮椅的)的体力活动,建议特别注意颈部肌肉、关节、上肢肌肉的锻炼;下肢和盆腔器官的锻炼;背部和躯干肌肉的锻炼;平衡练习,呼吸练习等等。在这种情况下,按摩和自我按摩程序也会很有用。结果和讨论。康复的有效性,以及因此而产生的对脊髓损伤和残疾患者保持身体活动的成功结果,在很大程度上取决于康复计划的早期开始和正确选择。此外,在有限的军事和紧急情况下,残疾人选择身体康复和身体活动的方法和手段取决于他们的一般身心状况、是否伴有疾病和并发症以及周围情况。然而,无论困难和周围环境如何,残疾人(坐轮椅的人)或受伤和脊柱疾病的人必须从事物理治疗和体育锻炼,以使身体的行动能力不丧失,甚至有限,能够适应环境,调动身体的功能储备。结论。综合康复是脊髓损伤患者、残疾人(轮椅)等治疗的重要组成部分。体育锻炼不仅影响残疾人运动活动的发展,还能增强机体对不利环境因素的抵抗力,激活植物系统,刺激和规范机体各系统的功能。身体对体力消耗的逐渐适应导致适应、动员和使用身体的功能储备。体育训练本身就是一个激活身体隐藏储备的适应过程
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ensuring Physical Activity of People with Injuries and Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System in Military and Emergency Conditions
The purpose of the study was to consider the main methods of increasing the physical activity of people with disabilities (in wheelchairs) in emergency situations, military conflicts, natural disasters, etc. Materials and methods. The study of physical rehabilitation of people with disabilities (in wheelchairs) was conducted by the author during many years working as a trainer of the Kyiv Regional Center for Physical Culture and Sports for the Disabled “Invasport” and continued during the military actions in the country in 2022–2023 with an emphasis on the problems of rehabilitation of patients in military and emergency conditions. In order to increase the physical activity of people with disabilities (in wheelchairs) in conditions limited by military operations, it is recommended to pay special attention to exercises for the muscles of the neck, joints, and muscles of upper limbs; exercises for the lower limbs and pelvic organs; exercises for back and trunk muscles; balance exercises, breathing exercises, etc. Massage and self-massage procedures will also be useful in such situations. Results and discussion. The effectiveness of rehabilitation and, as a result, the successful outcome of maintaining the physical activity of people with spinal injuries and disabilities largely depends on the early start and correct selection of rehabilitation programs. In addition, the choice of methods and means of physical rehabilitation and physical activity for people with disabilities in the limited military and emergency conditions depends on their general physical and mental condition, the presence of accompanying diseases and complications, as well as on the surrounding circumstances. However, regardless of the difficulties and surrounding circumstances, people with disabilities (in a wheelchair) or with an injury and spine diseases must be engaged in physical therapy and do physical exercises in order not to lose the physical capacity for action, even limited, to be able to adapt to the circumstances and mobilize functional reserves of their bodies. Conclusion. Comprehensive rehabilitation is an integral part of therapy for patients with spinal injuries, people with disabilities (in wheelchairs), etc. Physical exercises not only affect the development of the motor activity of people with disabilities but also increase the body's resistance to adverse environmental factors, activating vegetative systems, stimulating and normalizing functions of body systems. The gradual adaptation of the body to physical exertion leads to adaptation, mobilization and use of the body's functional reserves. Physical training itself is an adaptation process that activates the body's hidden reserves
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