高危妊娠寻求牙科护理的相关因素

Jessica Galvan, D. Bordin, C. B. Fadel, Alessandra Rodrigues Martins, F. B. T. Alves
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摘要

导言:在孕产妇和儿童健康政策的背景下,在怀孕期间进行牙科咨询被认为是一项重要挑战,因为它被用户和卫生专业人员中根深蒂固的神话所包围。从这个意义上说,重要的是要确定在这一时期寻求牙科援助的障碍和促进因素,以便支持使这种做法可行的战略。目的:根据社会人口学、妊娠期和健康特征,分析高危妊娠期牙科保健的搜索情况。方法:采用横断面设计的观察性研究,于2018年1月至5月在巴西南部一家教学医院转诊的高危孕妇中进行。使用前所未有的结构化形式进行数据收集,并将其视为怀孕期间牙科护理搜索的因变量和社会人口统计学,妊娠期和牙科特征的自变量。采用Pearson卡方关联检验和Fisher精确检验。结果:为了达到190例妊娠高危孕妇的样本,共接触了230例认为有效的妇女,计算以下损失:拒绝参与(n=23),没有回答任何问题(n=10),参与者方法的口误(n=7)。高龄产妇(p=0.000)和既往妊娠早产史(p=0.047)是本次妊娠寻求牙科护理频率较低的相关因素。另一方面,孕前牙科咨询的习惯(p=0.001),对这种监测的重要性的认识(p=0.050),以及进行牙科产前护理的安全性(p=0.000)与妊娠期间的搜索呈正相关。结论:特定的激励策略和获得牙科产前护理是必要的,以消除可能损害在怀孕期间寻求口腔卫生服务的障碍。出于这个原因,确定促进和阻碍牙科服务是必不可少的规划有效的行动有关产前护理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Factors Associated to the Search for Dental Care in High Risk Pregnancy
Introduction: Conducting dental consultations during pregnancy is considered an important challenge in the context of Maternal and Child Health Policies, as it is surrounded by myths rooted among users and health professionals. In this sense, it is important to identify barriers and facilitators to the search for dental assistance in this period, in order to support strategies that make this practice feasible. Objective: To analyze the search for dental care during high-risk pregnancies, according to sociodemographic, gestational and health characteristics. Methods: Observational study with a cross-sectional design, carried out with high-risk pregnant women referred to a teaching hospital in southern Brazil, from January to May 2018. Data collection was performed using an unprecedented structured form and considered as a dependent variable the search for dental care during pregnancy and as independent variables sociodemographic, gestational and dental characteristics. Pearson's chi-square association test and Fisher's exact test were used. Results: To reach the sample of 190 pregnant women at high gestational risk, a total of 230 women considered valid were approached, counting on the following losses: refusal to participate (n=23), no answer to any question (n=10), duplicity in participant approach (n=7). Advanced maternal age (p=0.000) and history of premature birth in previous pregnancies (p=0.047) were factors associated with a lower frequency of seeking dental care in the current pregnancy. On the other hand, the habit of dental consultation prior to the gestational period (p=0.001), the knowledge about the importance of this monitoring (p=0.050), as well as the safety (p=0.000) in performing dental prenatal care, were related positively to the search during pregnancy. Conclusion: Specific incentive strategies and access to dental prenatal care are necessary to neutralize barriers that may compromise the search for oral health services during pregnancy. For this reason, identifying the facilitators and hinders to the dental service is essential for planning effective actions related to prenatal care.
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