电压模式控制多相降压变换器快速动态性能的控制器设计和相电流平衡

Teja Golla, S. Kapat, Nagabhushana Chittaragi, Ravikumar A Setty, Sucheendran Sridharan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

随着现代智能手机和汽车应用中强大的数字处理器的计算需求不断增长,多相降压转换器仍然是一种有吸引力的电源管理解决方案,可以在宽负载电流范围内实现更高的效率,具有更好的热分布和更快的负载,以及减少输出电容的DVS瞬态性能。此外,高开关频率对于较小的外形是理想的,这使得难以检测快速变化的相电流。固定频率电压模式控制(VMC)在相移和相遮挡方面仍然是一种具有成本效益的解决方案;然而,在实现快速瞬态性能和精确的相电流平衡方面仍然存在挑战。本文研究了一种VMC多相降压变换器,提出了一种新的电流平衡方法和控制器整定算法,以实现主-主VMC结构的快速瞬态和精确的相电流平衡。控制器的设计考虑了基于小信号的PID和iii型补偿器的设计方法。最后,计算了一种基于大信号的PID控制器,可以显著改善暂态性能,并通过仿真结果进行了验证。制作了一个四相降压变换器样机,并给出了一些实验结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Controller Design and Phase Current Balancing for Fast Dynamic Performance in Voltage Mode Controlled Multiphase Buck Converters
With the growing computational requirement in powerful digital processors in modern smartphone and automotive applications, multiphase buck converters remain an attractive power management solution to achieve higher efficiency over a wide load current range with better thermal distribution and faster load as well as DVS transient performance with the reduced output capacitor. Also, a high switching frequency is desirable for a smaller form factor, which makes it difficult to sense fast-changing phase currents. Fixed frequency voltage mode control (VMC) remains a cost-effective solution in terms of phase shifting and phase shading; however, the challenges remain in achieving fast transient performance and accurate phase current balancing. This paper considers a VMC multiphase buck converter and proposes a novel current balancing method and controller tuning algorithm to achieve fast transient with accurate phase current balancing for master-master VMC configuration. Small-signal-based PID and type-III compensator design methods are considered for the controller design. Finally, a large-signal based PID controller is computed, which can significantly improve the transient performance and is demonstrated using simulation results. A four-phase buck converter prototype is fabricated, and a few experimental results are presented.
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