A Review on Power System Inertia Estimation Techniques

Accurate inertia estimation and forecasting of inertia is very crucial because inertia is the most important parameter in stability studies to keep the frequency at nominal levels with help of energy stored in synchronous generator rotating masses. As the integration of renewable sources increases, power system inertia decreases results in overloading of generation units which may reduce the stability of the power system and system becomes dynamic and causes concern for many grid operators. As a result, inertia assessment is required so that transmission system operators can take appropriate steps to guarantee stability. This paper reviews the inertia estimation techniques used and their evolution in the last decades. An overview and classification of different methods are also carried out and shortcomings of existing techniques have been identified.