Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB)-Pandora Box- Diagnostic Evaluation by Transvaginal Sonography (TVS), Hysteroscopy and Histopathology as Gold Standard

Background: The term “Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB)” is used for abnormal genital tract bleeding that accounts for 10-15% of all outdoor patient visits in Gynecology department. Common causes of AUB include endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia, sub mucous fibroids and anovulation. Accurate diagnosis of AUB can reduce the incidence of un-necessary surgical interventions and hysterectomies. Aims & Objectives: Aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of transvaginal sonography (TVS) in comparison to hysteroscopy in patients of AUB. Materials and Methods: A prospective and comparative study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology over a period of one year in 100 patients attending the OPD with AUB. TVS and hysteroscopy were done in all the patients presenting with AUB and further procedure was done according to the need.   Results were analyzed to check the performance of TVS pick up rate in relation to hysteroscopy and biopsy report was taken as gold standard. Results: Grossly it seems hysteroscopy is closure to tissue diagnosis, but p-value is not significant. Conclusion: Combination of all the three modalities is helpful in accurate diagnosis of AUB etiology and better management of the patient by reducing unnecessary hysterectomies.