Lost at Sea – Plunge into Cruise Ship Jurisdiction: Which Governmental Agency Regulates Health on Passenger Vessels, Which Governmental Agency Responds in the Event of a Biological Attack on a Vessel, and What Can Be Done to Prepare?

Cruises are increasing in popularity. In 2012, 17.2 million people traveled on cruises with 68% of travelers from North America. Passenger vessels also create the ideal environment for the spread of communicable diseases. As a result, they require special attention. First, they bring together groups of people from all over the world who carry a variety of diseases. Second, cruise ship employees typically come from developing countries where vaccinations are not commonplace. Third, passenger vessels encourage close proximity among passengers promoting the spread of disease. More specifically, everyone shares restrooms, buffet lines, swimming pools, as well as other amenities that cruise liners provide. Last, once passengers disembark, they have the potential to spread diseases wherever they go.