COLLEGA middleware for the management of participatory Mobile Health Communities

Recent advancements in wireless technologies and the widespread availability of smartphones equipped with several physical and virtual sensors are leading to the emergence of novel mobile healthcare scenarios where patients with critical physical/behavioral conditions can be provided with anywhere and anytime care assistance even while on the move. Crowdsensing, through the massive use of smartphone sensors further enhances the potential of supporting participatory management of emergency scenarios. This paper presents a macro process modelling of crowdsourced-based participatory emergency scenarios and, accordingly, proposes a crowdsensing-based middleware called COLLEGA that provides comprehensive management functionalities for supporting prompt assistance in case of a medical emergency. In particular, through participatory and opportunistic sensing, the COLLEGA framework allows dynamic formation of ad-hoc assistance groups formed by passing-by users capable of assisting mobile patients in need of help while waiting for professional caregivers and provides support for understanding the emergency situation and effectively planning and executing assistance actions.