非洲经委会在战争期间刺激乌克兰高科技出口方面的作用

Vira Chubenko
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摘要

本文致力于研究在戒严期间刺激高科技产品的生产和出口的问题,以及出口信贷机构(以下简称“ECA”)在这一问题上的作用。时至今日,国家在为高科技产品在国外市场推广提供有利条件方面的作用日益显著。与此同时,国家的作用并不是直接援助企业实体(考虑到国家在战争期间的财政状况,这是相当困难的),而是利用其他有效的工具和制度来刺激高科技产品的生产和出口。目前,乌克兰出口信贷机构被认为是这样一个有效的机构。结合上述情况,本文分析了这一制度在其他国家的形成及其对这些国家对外贸易的积极影响,以借鉴其积极经验。根据分析的结果,建立和适当组织这些出口信贷机构的活动对一个特定国家的整体经济和个别企业的好处。对乌克兰出口信贷机构的现代法律规制的某些方面进行了研究。此外,本文还着重分析了乌克兰戒严令期间对欧空局活动法律规定的现行立法所作的修改,并预测了这些修改对真正刺激乌克兰产品出口的影响。鉴于乌克兰出口在战争期间的特殊重要性,以及需要增加高附加值产品的供应,有人建议改进乌克兰出口信贷机构在确保和刺激高技术产品出口方面的活动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The role of ECA in the issue of stimulating Ukrainian high-tech exports during war
The article is devoted to the study of the problem of stimulating the production and export of high-tech products, in particular, during martial law, and the role of the Export Credit Agency (hereinafter – ECA) in this matter. As of today, the role of the state in providing favorable conditions for the promotion of hightech products in foreign markets is growing significantly. At the same time, the role of the state is not so much in direct assistance to business entities (which is quite difficult given the financial situation of the state during the war), but in the use of other effective tools and institutions designed to stimulate production and export of high-tech products. At present, the Export Credit Agency of Ukraine is considered to be such an effective institution. In connection with the above, in order to learn from the positive experience, the article analyzes the formation of this institution in other countries and its positive impact on foreign trade of such states. According to the results of the analysis, the advantages of creating and properly organizing the activities of these Export Credit Agencies for the economy of a particular country as a whole and for individual businesses. Some aspects of modern legal regulation of the Export Credit Agency in Ukraine have been studied. In addition, the changes to the current legislation in the legal regulation of ESA activities, which were adopted during the martial law in Ukraine, are highlighted and analyzed, their impact on the real stimulation of exports of Ukrainian products is predicted. Given the special importance of Ukrainian exports during the war, as well as the need to increase the supply of high value-added products, proposals were made to improve the activities of the Export Credit Agency of Ukraine in terms of ensuring and stimulating exports of high-tech products.
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