移民与社会流动

Marie Hoen, S. Markussen, K. Røed
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引用次数: 9

摘要

利用挪威的行政数据,我们研究了过去几十年的移民是如何通过社会阶层背景影响当地人的相对黄金年龄劳动力市场结果的。社会阶层是根据父母的收入等级建立的。通过研究通勤区移民模式随时间的变化,我们发现来自低收入国家的移民降低了社会流动性,从而加剧了当地人劳动力市场结果的社会梯度,而来自高收入国家的移民则使其趋于平缓。考虑到自20世纪90年代初以来大量来自低收入国家的移民流入挪威,这可以解释相当一部分低阶级背景的本地人经济表现相对下降的原因,也可以解释对移民情绪的明显两极分化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Immigration and Social Mobility
Using Norwegian administrative data, we examine how exposure to immigration over the past decades has affected natives' relative prime age labor market outcomes by social class background. Social class is established on the basis of parents' earnings rank. By exploiting variation in immigration patterns over time across commuting zones, we find that immigration from low‐income countries has reduced social mobility and thus steepened the social gradient in natives' labor market outcomes, whereas immigration from high‐income countries has leveled it. Given the large inflow of immigrants from low-income countries to Norway since the early 1990s, this can explain a considerable part of the relative decline in economic performance among natives with lower class background, and also rationalize the apparent polarization of sentiments toward immigration.
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