心理生理过程,保证运动成绩的取得

Yuriy Vaguine
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:探讨心理生理过程在取得运动成绩中的作用。材料与方法:对自由潜水员、篮球运动员和运动员进行运动行为驱动力的测量,包括取得运动成绩的动机、情绪压力、情境信息、缺氧稳定性和身体耐力。然后运动员们旋转自行车测力计的踏板,同时间歇屏住呼吸,从20秒到60秒不等。结果:确定了行为驱动力的各个组成部分对所有群体的运动员的体育活动都是必需的。对于自由潜水运动员的行为驱动力来说,缺氧稳定性是最重要的(r = 0.59),对于篮球运动员来说-情绪压力(r = 0.6),对于运动员来说-情绪压力和情境信息(r = 0.71和0.58)。此外,低氧稳定性和身体耐力直接影响最终运动结果(r = 0.7和0.65),并与行为驱动力(r = 0.53)共同影响最终运动结果。结论:运动结果是由运动员行为背后的驱动力提供的。对于自由潜水员来说,低氧稳定性是最重要的,对于篮球运动员来说——身体耐力和情绪压力,对于运动员来说——行为驱动力的所有组成部分的总和。
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Psychophysiological processes, ensuring the achievement of sports results
Objective: to investigate the role of psychophysiological processes in achieving sports results.Materials and methods: the driving force of sports behavior was measured in free­divers, basketball players and athletes, which consisted of motivation to achieve sports results, emotional stress, situational information, hypoxic stability, and physical endurance. Then the sportsmen rotated the pedals of the bicycle ergometer with simultaneous intermittent breath holdings from 20 to 60 s.Results: it has been established that all components of the driving force of behavior are necessary for the sports activity of all groups of sportsmen. For the driving force of free­divers’ behavior, hypoxic stability is of greatest importance (r = 0.59), for basketball players — emotional stress (r = 0.6) and for athletes — emotional stress and situational information (r = 0.71 and 0.58). In addition, hypoxic stability and physical endurance directly affect the final sports result (r = 0.7 and 0.65) in conjunction with the driving force of behavior (r = 0.53).Conclusion: sports result is provided by the driving force behind the behavior of sportsmen. For free­divers, hypoxic stability is of primary importance, for basketball players — physical endurance and emotional stress, and for athletes — the totality of all components of the driving force of behavior.
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