Radio Frequency Interference Situational Awareness: A Control- Theoretic Sensor Fusion and Policy Approach

The phenomenal growth of critical infrastructures has brought about increasing reliance on global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) for everyday positioning and timing operations. Meanwhile, due to their low power levels, GNSS signals are very susceptible to radio frequency interferences (RFIs) from intentional and unintentional sources. To address these issues, detection, localization, and elimination of interferences to GNSS are of paramount importance. This paper presents an analytical framework of GNSS environmental monitoring from the perspective of optimization problems dealing with selecting, at each epoch of time, one measurement provided by one out of many spatially distributed sensors from the area of responsibility. Specifically, RFIs are monitored using multisensory hy-bridization and cost-aware provision of observation resources. Potential benefits for selecting an optimal measurement policy during a fixed time interval, are discussed with the view to a weighted combination of prediction accuracy and accumulated observation cost being optimized. As reported from the findings, the indepth analysis of the GNSS environmental monitoring system as proposed herein, is limited to the class of linear stochastic dynamic systems and measurement subsystems.