DC-DC power converters & charge pump circuits converters for battery operated system

The consumer electronic industry has been undergoing severe pressures to adapt and to respond to new social and market demands, Nowadays, the demand of mobile and battery-powered consumer electronics is growing exponentially; The demand for gadgets with improved battery life is also growing at a very fast pace. The users requirements and expectations are significantly higher towards the consumer electronic industry and their range of different devices. The portable devices usually include a variety of loads such as LCD display, memories, mini microprocessor, Universal Series Bus (USB), and a hard disk drive. These loads require different operating voltages and load currents, and are powered by the rechargeable batteries such as Lithium-ion (Li-Ion) batteries, Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries and Silver-Zinc batteries through DC-DC converters. In this context, the efficiency of DC-DC converters becomes an important issue in order to maintain long working times for batteries and smaller size in mobiles devices. This paper reviews DC-DC converters and charge pump circuits converters.