Sugar-sweetened beverage knowledge and consumption among third-grade primary students in Nanjing

Objective To explore the knowledge and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and its influencing factors among third-grade primary students, to provide basis for take targeted intervention measures. Methods In September 2019, 1 686 primary school students of grade 3 were randomly selected from 2 primary schools in 1 urban area and 1 outer suburb area of 12 districts in Nanjing by using a multistage cluster sampling method, and a self-administered questionnaire were offered to them to collect the knowledge about sugar-sweetened beverage and its intake. Results Totally 753 students (44.7%) answered 6 or more SSB knowledge questions correctly, and the rate of 389 students (50.2%) in urban areas was higher than that of 364 students (40.0%) in suburban areas. There were 780 (46.3%) students who knew that dairy-containing beverage could not replace milk, the rate of 403 (52.0%) students in urban area was higher than that of 377 (41.4%) students in suburban area (χ 2 = 17.76, 18.99, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the frequency of consumption of SSB <1 time per week, the behavioral risk factors of primary school students who drink SSB ≥4 times per week were: urban area ( OR = 1.55), low parents educational level ( OR = 2.44), and frequent storage of SSB at home ( OR = 1.62). The protective factors were as follows: duration of extracurricular physical activity <120 min/week ( OR = 0.68), video time <120 min/day ( OR = 0.50), awareness rate of SSB ≥60% ( OR = 0.75), and restriction of high-sugar snacks by parents ( OR =0.60). Conclusion The knowledge associated with SSB among third-grade students in Nanjing is relatively low. Consumption of SSB has been influenced by areas, parents’ educational level, knowledge about SSB and family factors. SSB consumption among primary students should be interfered at the school and family level. The health food education need to carry out based on the school and family, so as to create a supportive atmosphere integrating the school-family to drink less sugar beverages. 【摘要】 目的 了解南京市三年级学生含糖饮料知识知晓和饮用情况及其影响因素, 为采取有针对性的干预措施提供依 据。 方法 2019 年 9 月, 采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法, 在南京市 12 个行政区随机抽取 1 个城区和 1 个远郊地区, 每个区 随机抽取 2 所小学, 以所有在校三年级学生共 1 686 名为研究对象, 通过自填式问卷收集含糖饮料相关知识及摄人情况。 结果 含糖饮料相关知识答对 6 题及以上的学生有 753 名 (44.7%), 城区 (50.2%) 高于郊区 (40.0%); 含乳饮料不能替代 牛奶知晓率为 46.3% (780 名), 城区 (52.0%) 高于郊区 (41.4%), 差异均有统计学意义 (χ 2 值分别为 17.76, 18.99, P 值均<0.05)。Logistic 回归分析显示, 与喝含糖饮料频率 <1 次/周相比, 与小学生喝含糖饮料频率 ≥4 次/周呈正相关的因素有城 区 ( OR =1.55)、父母亲文化程度较低 ( OR = 2.44)、家中经常有含糖饮料储备 ( OR =1.62), 呈负相关的因素有校外体育活动 时长 <120 min/周 ( OR = 0.68)、视屏时间 <120 min/d ( OR = 0.50)、含糖饮料知识正确率 ≥60% ( OR = 0.75)、父母限制吃高糖 零食行为 ( OR = 0.60)。 结论 南京市三年级学生含糖饮料知识知晓水平较低, 学生含糖饮料摄人情况受地区、父母亲文化 程度、含糖饮料知识知晓及家庭因素影响。应在学校和家庭层面对学生的含糖饮料摄人行为进行干预, 营造学校-家庭一体的少喝含糖饮料支持性氛围。