Sacroiliac joint conditions

The sacroiliac joint is a common source of chronic low back pain. Multiple conditions can result in the development of pain within this axial joint. These conditions may be both pathologic or nonpathologic. Pain may result from injury from an intraarticular as well as an extraarticular source. Pain in the sacroiliac joint may result from degenerative, traumatic, and inflammatory conditions. Conditions covered in this chapter are osteoarthritis, sacroiliac joint dysfunction, infection (pyogenic or granulomatous), crystalline-induced sacroiliitis (found in gout and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease), spondyloarthropathies, reactive arthritis, malignancy (primary and secondary), trauma. The impact of pregnancy on the sacroiliac joint is also discussed.