细胞疗法在神经系统患者康复治疗中的应用前景(附自有研究资料文献综述)

V. Lychko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文收集和分析了国外和地区作者关于细胞技术在神经系统患者康复中具有前景的最新成果的现代数据。对于受损脑组织的替代,定向分化干细胞在神经元和神经胶质方向的技术是非常有前途的。今天,我们可以期待,在不久的将来,这将使细胞移植激活恢复期的神经可塑性过程。通过对实验性急性局灶性脑缺血(AFCI)大鼠脑组织结构和功能变化的研究,评价了低温保存脐带血血清(CCBS)的膜保护作用、免疫调节作用和促血管生成活性。研究对象为60只体重为200±20 g的远交系白色雄性Wistar大鼠。所有动物分为3组:第一组(对照组)-未外伤和治疗的完整大鼠;第二组:未经治疗的AFCI模型动物;第三组为造模AFCI后的大鼠,给予CCBS。本研究结果表明,CCBS各成分对损伤毛细血管超微结构的恢复、毛细血管密度的增加以及新生毛细血管的形成均有刺激作用。结果发现,2组大鼠血管周围间隙的平均面积是1组大鼠血管源性水肿的45倍,而CCBS治疗3组大鼠则超过了37倍。AFCI后第7天,2组大鼠的细胞周间隙平均面积(反映细胞毒性水肿程度)几乎是1组的23倍。3组大鼠该指标较2组提高20倍。实验第7天,2组大鼠内皮细胞表面积比1组和3组大,分别增大54.1%和31.6%。神经营养疗法是再生医学中一个非常有前途的领域,需要对生长因子的应用进行进一步的研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
THE PERSPECTIVES OF CELLULAR THERAPY IN REHABILITATION TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL PATIENTS (REVIEW OF LITERATURE WITH OWN RESEARCH DATA)
The article gathers and analyses modern data from foreign and regional authors regarding the latest achievements in cellular technologies that have prospects in rehabilitation of neurological patients. For the replacement of damaged brain tissue, technologies directed for differentiation of stem cells in neuronal and glial directions are extremely promising. Today, it is feasible to expect that in the near future this will enable the transplantation of cells to activate the processes of neuroplasticity in recovery period. The data of own researches, which examined changes in structural and functional characteristics of brain tissue of rats with condition of experimental acute focal cerebral ischemia (AFCI) in dynamics of treatment cryopreserved cord blood serum (CCBS) was given for evaluation of its membrane protection, immune modulation and proangiogenic activity. The study was conducted on 60 outbred white male Wistar rats weighing 200±20 g. All animals were divided into 3 groups: 1st group (controls) – intact rats without trauma and treatment; 2nd group – animals after modelling AFCI without treatment; 3rd group – rats after modelling AFCI, which was administered CCBS. The results of the study indicated the stimulating effect of the components of CCBS on restoration of ultrastructure of the damaged capillaries, increasing their density, as well as the formation of new capillaries. It was found that the average area of the perivascular spaces, which is an indicator of vasogenic edema in rats of group 2 is 45 times higher than that in group 1, while in rats in group 3 treated with CCBS, this figure was exceeded 37 times. The average area of pericellular spaces, indicating the degree of cytotoxic edema, in rats of group 2 on the 7th day after AFCI is almost 23 times higher than the results of group 1. This indicator in rats of group 3 was increased by 20 times compared with group 2. On the 7th day of the experiment in rats of group 2, the surface area of endothelial cells was significantly larger than in rats of groups 1 and 3 by 54.1% and 31.6% respectively. Neurotrophic therapy is a very promising area of regenerative medicine, which requires further study in the use of growth factors.
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