“我亲爱的母亲……”:奥莱娜·普奇卡书信体肖像的移情解读

S. Kocherha
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摘要

本文研究了奥莱娜·普奇尔卡家书中人格的移情特征。作家的孩子们的通信,特别是Mychailo和Lesia,包含了Olena Pchilka的心理肖像的一些细节;它捕捉了她的各种情绪状态和反应,允许打破在家庭中占主导地位的交流框架。研究人员追溯了奥莱娜·普奇尔卡的特殊崇拜的形成,这与她作为作家、公众人物和母亲的角色有关。在她的孩子们的信中,无数充满热情和感激的话语证实了这一点。然而,在奥莱娜·普奇尔卡的家庭教育学中,主要关注的是自我牺牲和威权主义的综合。莱西娅·乌克林卡和母亲之间的远距离交流变成了一个塑造民族作家形象的实验。与此同时,这些信件证明了奥莱娜·普奇尔卡认识到她女儿莱西娅·乌克林卡的独特天赋和强大智慧。这位母亲设法与她的大孩子们建立了相当友好的关系,但Pchilka想要控制年轻的Kosaches的情感世界,她对它的坚持解释,以及担心其他人对她孩子的过度影响,导致了长期的冲突,伴随着“沉默策略”。这些破坏性的策略导致了情感上的创伤,尤其是在莱西娅·乌克兰林卡的文学世界中,这种创伤被升华为一种交流破裂的话语(《火星人的辩护》、《乔萨的妻子约翰娜》、《艾莎和穆罕默德》、《巴比伦囚禁》等)。应该指出的是,孩子们试图容忍母亲对她的心理情结的依赖和持续的自我孤立,理解Olena Pchilka在他们个人发展中的独特作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
“My Sweet Mother…”: Empathetic Interpretation of Olena Pchilka’s Epistolary Portrait
The paper deals with empathetic characteristics of Olena Pchilka’s personality in the family letters. The correspondence of the writer’s children, in particular Mychailo and Lesia, contains a number of details for the psychological portrait of Olena Pchilka; it captures her various emotional states and reactions, allows dening the communicative frames that dominated in the family. The researcher traces the formation of a specic Olena Pchilka’s cult, which concerned her roles of a writer, public person, and mother. It is conrmed by numerous enthusiastic and thankful words in the letters of her children. However, the main attention is paid to the synthesis of self-sacrice and authoritarianism in Olena Pchilka’s family pedagogy. Communication at distance between Lesia Ukraiinka and her mother turned into an experiment of modeling the image of a national writer. At the same time, the letters testify to the fact that Olena Pchilka recognised the unique gift and powerful intelligence of her daughter Lesia Ukraiinka. The mother managed to establish quite friendly relations with her elder children, but Pchilka’s desire to control the emotional world of young Kosaches, her insistent interpretation of it, and the fear of other people’s excessive influence on her children caused long-lasting conflicts, accompanied by ‘tactics of silence’. These destructive tactics resulted in emotional traumas, which, in particular, were sublimated in the literary world of Lesia Ukraiinka as a discourse of communicative rupture (“Advocate Martian”, “Johanna, Chusa’s Wife”, “Aisha and Mohammed”, “Babylonian Captivity”, etc.). It should be noted that children tried to tolerate their mother’s dependence on her psychological complexes and insistent self-isolation, understanding the unique role of Olena Pchilka in their personal development.
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