Complex Approach in Examination of Function of the Knee Joint in Patients with Osteoarthritis

INTRODUCTION: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint (KJ) is a common problem. The basic factors impairing the function of the KJ are pain and restriction of movement. Evaluation of function of the KJ in OA is an indispensable part of the diagnostic and treatment process. There exists a problem of a quantitative evaluation of pain and restriction of movement of the KJ in OA, associated with the absence of a single standard for evaluation of the KJ function. In the article, the data are given on the modern possibilities for evaluation of the KJ function in OA. The KJ function is evaluated in clinical examination, functional tests, numerous functional questionnaires, as well as with the use of devices for record of movements. Clinical picture of OA of the KJ is evaluated in the clinical examination which includes diagnostic tests, evaluation of the volume of movement, force of muscles, with conclusions about the phenotype of the disease. Functional tests recommended by OARSI (Osteoarthritis Research Society International) are preferable for express-testing, but not all of them have reference values. Functional questionnaires for evaluation of the KJ function exist in many variants, which impedes their choice and interaction between specialists, and they are characterized by different labor intensity in use. There exists a diversity of devices for evaluation of function of the KJ, some of which are expensive, require special rooms, training of the specialist, and take considerable time. Others are simpler in use and inexpensive, but give less reliable results. CONCLUSION: The authors showed the possibilities of a comprehensive evaluation, described the problem of the lack of a single standard for investigation of the KJ function. A conclusion is made about the necessity to develop a software-hardware complex that maximally satisfies the criteria of objectivity, accessibility and quickness of use for evaluation of function of the KJ in OA.