Thailand Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs): Analysis of climate policy for enhancing climate resilience in infrastructure construction sector

The perception of climate change mitigation efforts goes in wider and different phases, from individual incentives to community as a whole. Paris agreement conferences aim to delineate the climate change problem and strengthen the collaboration between the potential countries and developing countries which facing more challenges in terms of financial resource and socioeconomic. The agreement requires each country to implement their domestic climate policy which covers economic, social, and political issues in responding to climate change such as low carbon emission development plans, mitigation and adaptation measures, and climate resilience development. These climate actions are delivered as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) which is a long-term achieving low-emissions plan and reflect the national GHG emission reduction priorities. This research explores the NDC in Thailand context with focus on the development of infrastructure construction sector which is a significant sector contribute to economic growth of the country. Thailand's Nationally Determined Contributions implements 15 climate long-term approaches for year 2021–2030 which covers to 3 categories: Energy and Transportation, Waste Management, and Industrial Manufacture and Product Application. In Thailand, likewise other countries, energy sector is the most contributor to the largest portion of GHG emission as it is interconnected with all activities including the focus area, construction of infrastructure. This research aims to analyze relevant approaches for construction sector indicated in the NDC Roadmap on Mitigation 2021–2030, and the Guidelines for driving and evaluating which includes the mitigation and adaptation measures on climate change. The construction sector by compliance with the NDCs approaches appears to be a potentially significant factor for sustainable development and low carbon future, likewise, building climate resilience through mitigation and adaptation practices, for instance, the application of Ecosystem-Based Adaptation (EbA), the construction rating system as a guideline for measuring sustainability in both building scale and component scale. In addition, to achieve the long-term goal, the participation and collaboration have to be bonded strongly in all phases to support climate action mechanisms in both domestic and international level.