可计算一般均衡模型的要素

M. Burfisher
{"title":"可计算一般均衡模型的要素","authors":"M. Burfisher","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511975004.003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we deconstruct the computable general equilibrium model and describe its core elements. These include sets, endogenous and exogenous variables, exogenous parameters, behavioral and identity equations, and model closure. We describe prices, price normalization, price transmission, and the numeraire. We explain how the CGE model runs and how to carry out an experiment. A computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is a system of mathematical equations that describes an economy as a whole and the interactions among its parts. A model this comprehensive is more complex than the bicycle industry model we built in Chapter 1, but it need not be a “black box.” In this chapter, our objective is to introduce, at a general level, the model's elements and mechanics. Even so, for many students, it may suffice to skim this chapter and return to it as needed as your modeling skills progress. For now, we also set aside any consideration of the economic theory that governs behavior in the model. Here, we do not consider how the model describes the motivations behind producers’ decisions about how much to produce or consumers’ decisions about how much to buy, or a nation's choice between consumption of its domestic production and imported goods. Of course, the economic properties of a CGE model are its real heart and soul, but they also present a much broader area of study; most of the other chapters in this book address this study. In this chapter, we deconstruct the CGE model to describe its core elements. We show that a CGE model and the simple bicycle model share many features, such as exogenous and endogenous variables, market-clearing constraints, and identity and behavioral equations. We explain and compare linearized and nonlinear expressions of the behavioural equations in a CGE model. We describe how the price of a single good changes as it moves along the supply chain from producers to consumers and the implications for price transmission. We explain the practice of normalizing prices and the role of the price numeraire. We introduce model closure, which is the decision about which variables are exogenous and which are endogenous. We also describe how the CGE model runs by explaining the sequence of model calibration or consistency check, baseline model solution, and model experiment.","PeriodicalId":190937,"journal":{"name":"Introduction to Computable General Equilibrium Models","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Elements of a Computable General Equilibrium Model\",\"authors\":\"M. Burfisher\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/CBO9780511975004.003\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"In this chapter, we deconstruct the computable general equilibrium model and describe its core elements. These include sets, endogenous and exogenous variables, exogenous parameters, behavioral and identity equations, and model closure. We describe prices, price normalization, price transmission, and the numeraire. We explain how the CGE model runs and how to carry out an experiment. A computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is a system of mathematical equations that describes an economy as a whole and the interactions among its parts. A model this comprehensive is more complex than the bicycle industry model we built in Chapter 1, but it need not be a “black box.” In this chapter, our objective is to introduce, at a general level, the model's elements and mechanics. Even so, for many students, it may suffice to skim this chapter and return to it as needed as your modeling skills progress. For now, we also set aside any consideration of the economic theory that governs behavior in the model. Here, we do not consider how the model describes the motivations behind producers’ decisions about how much to produce or consumers’ decisions about how much to buy, or a nation's choice between consumption of its domestic production and imported goods. Of course, the economic properties of a CGE model are its real heart and soul, but they also present a much broader area of study; most of the other chapters in this book address this study. In this chapter, we deconstruct the CGE model to describe its core elements. We show that a CGE model and the simple bicycle model share many features, such as exogenous and endogenous variables, market-clearing constraints, and identity and behavioral equations. We explain and compare linearized and nonlinear expressions of the behavioural equations in a CGE model. We describe how the price of a single good changes as it moves along the supply chain from producers to consumers and the implications for price transmission. We explain the practice of normalizing prices and the role of the price numeraire. We introduce model closure, which is the decision about which variables are exogenous and which are endogenous. We also describe how the CGE model runs by explaining the sequence of model calibration or consistency check, baseline model solution, and model experiment.\",\"PeriodicalId\":190937,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Introduction to Computable General Equilibrium Models\",\"volume\":\"8 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2011-02-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Introduction to Computable General Equilibrium Models\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511975004.003\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Introduction to Computable General Equilibrium Models","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511975004.003","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

在本章中,我们解构了可计算的一般均衡模型,并描述了其核心要素。这些包括集合,内源性和外源性变量,外源性参数,行为和身份方程,以及模型闭合。我们描述了价格、价格正常化、价格传导和数字。我们解释了CGE模型是如何运行的以及如何进行实验。可计算一般均衡(CGE)模型是一个描述经济整体及其各部分之间相互作用的数学方程系统。这种全面的模型比我们在第一章中建立的自行车产业模型更复杂,但它不一定是一个“黑匣子”。在本章中,我们的目标是在一般层面上介绍模型的元素和机制。即便如此,对于许多学生来说,只要略读这一章就足够了,并且随着你的建模技能的进步,你可以回到这一章。现在,我们也不考虑模型中支配行为的经济理论。在这里,我们没有考虑模型如何描述生产者决定生产多少或消费者决定购买多少背后的动机,也没有考虑一个国家在消费国内产品和进口产品之间的选择。当然,CGE模型的经济属性是其真正的核心和灵魂,但它们也提供了一个更广泛的研究领域;本书的其他大部分章节都是关于这个研究的。在本章中,我们解构CGE模型来描述其核心元素。我们证明了CGE模型和简单的自行车模型有许多共同的特征,如外生变量和内生变量、市场出清约束、身份方程和行为方程。我们解释并比较了CGE模型中行为方程的线性化和非线性表达式。我们描述了单一商品的价格在从生产者到消费者的供应链中是如何变化的,以及对价格传递的影响。我们解释了规范价格的做法和价格数字的作用。我们引入模型闭包,它决定哪些变量是外生的,哪些是内生的。我们还通过解释模型校准或一致性检查、基线模型解决和模型实验的顺序来描述CGE模型是如何运行的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Elements of a Computable General Equilibrium Model
In this chapter, we deconstruct the computable general equilibrium model and describe its core elements. These include sets, endogenous and exogenous variables, exogenous parameters, behavioral and identity equations, and model closure. We describe prices, price normalization, price transmission, and the numeraire. We explain how the CGE model runs and how to carry out an experiment. A computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is a system of mathematical equations that describes an economy as a whole and the interactions among its parts. A model this comprehensive is more complex than the bicycle industry model we built in Chapter 1, but it need not be a “black box.” In this chapter, our objective is to introduce, at a general level, the model's elements and mechanics. Even so, for many students, it may suffice to skim this chapter and return to it as needed as your modeling skills progress. For now, we also set aside any consideration of the economic theory that governs behavior in the model. Here, we do not consider how the model describes the motivations behind producers’ decisions about how much to produce or consumers’ decisions about how much to buy, or a nation's choice between consumption of its domestic production and imported goods. Of course, the economic properties of a CGE model are its real heart and soul, but they also present a much broader area of study; most of the other chapters in this book address this study. In this chapter, we deconstruct the CGE model to describe its core elements. We show that a CGE model and the simple bicycle model share many features, such as exogenous and endogenous variables, market-clearing constraints, and identity and behavioral equations. We explain and compare linearized and nonlinear expressions of the behavioural equations in a CGE model. We describe how the price of a single good changes as it moves along the supply chain from producers to consumers and the implications for price transmission. We explain the practice of normalizing prices and the role of the price numeraire. We introduce model closure, which is the decision about which variables are exogenous and which are endogenous. We also describe how the CGE model runs by explaining the sequence of model calibration or consistency check, baseline model solution, and model experiment.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信