尼日利亚中北部纳萨拉瓦州两个城郊主要道路农业土壤金属污染环境风险评估

J. Onwuka, J. M. Nwaedozie, Emmanuel Hala Kwon–Dung, P. Terna, Gladys Nkeiruka Nwobodo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究的重点是Nasarawa Eggon和Doma地区主要道路两侧农业土壤中选定重金属的水平、污染和生态风险评估。在0-20 cm深度处收集复合土壤样品,均匀化,并使用x射线荧光技术检测金属(As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, U和Zn)水平。通过富集系数(Ef)、地质积累指数(Igeo)、污染系数(Cf)、污染程度(Cd)、污染负荷指数(PLI)和生态风险评价(ERA)等指标确定金属的污染程度和毒性。结果表明:As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe和Ni的浓度均低于页岩平均值,除Nasarawa Eggon地区N2位点的As和Doma地区D4位点的Fe外;Ef表明,在一些采样地点,As、Co、Hg、Mn、Pb和Zn的存在有显著的人为贡献。结果表明,那沙瓦Eggon样品土壤受Hg和Pb污染,而Doma样品土壤受Hg和Co污染。Cf值表明,除As、Co、Fe、Mn和Zn外,大部分土壤受Hg污染。除N2和N4位点(Nasarawa Eggon)和D2和D4位点(Doma)外,其余位点Cd值均较低。PLI结果显示,只有N2和D4两个站点受到污染。砷、钴和汞在不同地点具有从低到显著的潜在生态风险。N2、D2和D4为中度生态风险。因此,本研究表明,汽车排放和人类活动对主要道路沿线农业土壤的污染产生了重大的人为输入,这种污染可能对人类和动物的健康造成负面影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Environmental Risk Assessment of Metal Contamination of Agricultural Soils along Major Roads of Two Peri – Urban Areas in Nasarawa State, North Central, Nigeria
This research focused on the level, pollution, and ecological risk assessment of selected heavy metals from agricultural soils at major roadsides in Nasarawa Eggon and Doma areas. Composite soil samples were collected at 0–20 cm depth, homogenised, and assayed for metal (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, U and Zn) levels using the X–ray fluorescence technique. Pollution and toxicity of the studied metals were determined by evaluating enrichment factor (Ef), geo–accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (Cf), degree of contamination (Cd), pollution load index (PLI), and ecological risk assessment (ERA). The result showed that concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe and Ni were lower than the average shale values, except for As of site N2 in the Nasarawa Eggon area and Fe of site D4 in the Doma area. The Ef suggests a significant anthropogenic contribution to the presence of As, Co, Hg, Mn, Pb and Zn in some of the sampled sites. The Igeo indicated that Nasarawa Eggon sampled soils were polluted by Hg and Pb while Hg and Co polluted those of Doma. The Cf values revealed that most of the soils were contaminated with Hg in addition to As, Co, Fe, Mn, and Zn in some sites. All sites have low Cd except N2 and N4 (Nasarawa Eggon) and D2 and D4 (Doma). However, PLI showed that only sites N2 and D4 were polluted. ERA revealed that As, Co, and Hg posed potential ecological risks ranging from low to a significant level in different sites. Sites N2, D2 and D4 showed a moderate ecological risk index. Therefore, this study showed significant anthropogenic inputs from automobile emissions and human activities to the pollution of agricultural soils along major roads and the pollution could pose negative health implications to human and animal health.
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