Optimal Allocation of EV Charging Stations in Distribution Systems Considering Discharging Economy and System Reliability

Electric vehicles have the potential to improve power distribution system’s operational performance. Integration of EV charging stations could have positive impacts on system losses and environmental emissions. This research presents a methodology to install different capacities of electric vehicle charging stations inside microgrids, integrated in distribution systems. The economic operation of electric vehicles in microgrids has been investigated in terms of system operational costs, system losses, and system environmental emissions. Electric vehicles’ uncertain behaviors creates a level of uncertainty, thus, the system reliability due to electric vehicle operation is also assessed in this research. A well-known PG&E 69-bus distribution system is chosen for simulations and case studies. Since microgrids have different distributed energy resources along with electric vehicles, which may generate uncertainty for distribution system operations, this research considers uncertain calculation modeling to get more accurate results in simulations and case studies. Sensitivity analysis has been performed for demand and price uncertainties and results are presented for corresponding system performances. The results validate the proposed methodology for an efficient operation of electric vehicles in microgrids integrated distribution systems.