A. E. Ashtiani, T. Gokdemir, A. Vilches, Z. Hu, I. Robertson, S. Marsh
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Monolithic GaAs-InGaP HBT balanced vector modulators for millimeter-wave wireless systems
This paper describes the design and performance of millimeter-wave balanced vector modulators employing the Marconi HBT MMIC technology. Two versions have been fabricated for operation at 38 GHz; the first employs normal Lange couplers whilst the second employs miniaturised microstrip couplers, which reduce the MMIC chip area by more than 40%. With a simple bias calibration technique the circuits achieve near-perfect constellations with negligible amplitude and phase errors over a wide bandwidth.