美国总统就职典礼是跨文化交流的一个因素

O. Zakharova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文考察了美国总统就职典礼的历史和发展。它们在使权力合法化方面的作用以及它们在塑造国家形象方面的影响被评估。就职典礼作为一种社会现象的特殊性使得这种仪式行为成为一种文化状况,社会风俗和品味,民族特征的例证,成为等级差异的象征性特征。它的规范不仅反映了意识形态,也反映了社会的社会心理,没有对其充分的解释,就不可能正确理解政治家在与其社会地位相关的具体情况下的行为。国家的民事和军事仪式通常是国家生活中的重大事件,具有象征意义。他们在直接参与者和最高环境之间建立了平衡,证明了统治精英内部的稳定/不稳定。现代世界各国总统的就职典礼是政治、威望和执政政府形象的象征。以唐纳德·j·特朗普的就职典礼为例,考虑典礼对美国形象形成的影响问题。作为文化外交的机制之一,政治家的形象受到特别关注。分析了就职典礼(2017)的场景,对奥巴马和特朗普的就职演说文本进行了比较分析,作为国家内外政策的计划文件。作者认为,就职典礼作为视觉传达技术的一种形式,是文化外交的有效机制,有助于发展国家间的伙伴关系,和平解决国际问题。1历史学博士,教授,独立研究员,mikepriluki@gmail.com。这项研究的相关性在于,国家礼仪的规范不仅包含意识形态,还包含社会的社会心理,没有对其进行充分的解释,就不可能正确理解政治家在与其官方身份相关的特定情况下的行为。每个州的仪式都是现任政府的一个项目。因此,无论18世纪末创立于美国的入会仪式的传统多么神圣,在美国被保留下来,新当选的总统带来了他的行动计划,它追求的是由内外政治局势引起的非常具体的目标和任务。遵循国家礼仪文化的传统会损害政府的权威和国家的发展,这是鲁莽的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
US president’s inauguration ceremonial as a factor in intercultural communication
The article considers the history and development of the inauguration ceremonies of US presidents. Their role in legitimizing power and their influence on creating the image of the state is evaluated. The very specificity of the inauguration as a social phenomenon makes this ceremonial action a kind of illustration of the cultural condition, mores and tastes of society, national characteristics, becoming a symbolic characteristic of hierarchical differences. Its norms reflect not only ideology, but also the social psychology of society, without an adequate interpretation of which it is impossible to correctly understand the behavior of statesmen in specific situations related to their social status. State civil and military ceremonies, being, as a rule, striking events in the life of the state, have symbolic meaning. They establish a balance between their immediate participants and the highest environment, testify to the stability/instability within the ruling elite. Modern ceremonials of the inauguration of world presidents are politics, prestige, and the image of the government in power. On the example of the inauguration of Donald J. Trump the problem of the influence of the ceremony on the formation of the image of the United States is considered. Particular attention is paid to the image of the politician, as one of the mechanisms of cultural diplomacy. The scenario of the solemn ceremony of initiation into power (2017) is analyzed, a comparative analysis of the texts of the inaugural speeches of Obama and Trump, as program documents of the state’s domestic and foreign policy is carried out. The author concludes that the inauguration ceremony, as a form of visual communication technology, is an effective mechanism for cultural diplomacy, which, in turn, helps to develop partnerships between states and solves international problems peacefully. 1 Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Independent Researcher, mikepriluki@ gmail.com. ORCID: 0000-0002-2143-7020 115 US president’s inauguration ceremonial The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the norms of a state ceremonial contain not only ideology, but also the social psychology of society, without an adequate interpretation of which it is impossible to correctly understand the behavior of statesmen in specific situations related to their official status. Each state ceremonial is a program of the current government. Therefore, no matter how sacred the traditions of the initiation ceremony, founded in the United States at the end of the 18th century, were kept in the United States, the newly elected president came with his action plan, which pursued very specific goals and tasks caused by internal and external political situations. It would be reckless to follow the traditions of state ceremonial culture to the detriment of the authority of the government and the development of the state.
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