Relation of Helicobacter Pylori and Hyperemesis Gravidarum in sample of pregnant women in Maternity Teaching Hospital of Erbil city

Background and objectives: Nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy are accompanied by great impact on general health status of pregnant women especially if presented as hyperemesis gravidarum. The helicobacter pylori infection is predominant in Iraqi community. The aim of the study is to find out whether sero-positivity for immunoglobulin G antibodies to Helicobacter pylori is related to hyperemesis gravidarum. Methods: A study carried out in Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil city, Kurdistan region-Iraq from 1st of May, 2019 to 30th of April, 2020 on a sample of 80 pregnant women; 40 pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum and 40 pregnant women as controls. Diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum was done depending on clinical presentations and investigations findings. Serum electrolytes and immunoglobulin G antibody tests were done for the studied women. Results: In the current study, 60% of pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum pregnant women had positive immunoglobulin G of Helicobacter Pylori as compared to 35% of control group. The serum levels of sodium, potassium and chloride were significantly lower in 40%, 50% and 25% of pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum respectively compared to 10%, 17.5% and 7.5% in control group. Low educational level and socioeconomic status of pregnant women were significantly associated with hyperemesis gravidarum. Hyperemesis gravidarum was more common in pregnant women with normal body mass index. Conclusions: Helicobacter pylori infection is more common in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum. The development of hyperemesis gravidarum in pregnancy leads to obvious electrolyte imbalance.