Post-COVID-19 Reforms in Higher Education in Eswatini

Various countries experience challenges at different times. The challenges have historically been of demographic, economic, political, social, and technological nature but influenced by globalisation. In response to these challenges, governments design and implement different reforms involving resource allocation and delivery mechanisms. The COVID-19 pandemic has been a unique challenge. Some countries intervened with various stimulus packages to save economies and other sectors, but not much in the higher education sector. Teaching and learning had to transition from the traditional face-to-face between learners and teachers in one room at the same time to online. Although literature is still relatively scanty on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on higher education and other sectors, there may be consensus that it affected almost all aspects of human life. Preventing the spread of COVID-19 was a challenge globally. This chapter analyses the reforms in higher education occasioned by COVID-19 in Eswatini.