“我的舌头发誓,但我的心没有”:为普通语言哲学辩护,反对语言哲学中科学主义的堕落

David Pérez Chico
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摘要

由于奥斯汀和后来的维特根斯坦等作家的杰出成就,普通语言哲学从一开始就一直受到诋毁,如果不是完全被拒绝的话;但是,这并不是基于它本身的优点。一旦认识到这一点,就会被认为是一种糟糕的语言哲学,或者干脆就是一种糟糕的哲学。因此,同样仁慈的解释试图驯化它的方法,使其与更正统的语言哲学兼容。然而,这种情况正在逐渐改变,这在很大程度上要归功于斯坦利·卡维尔的哲学对几代哲学家的影响。最重要的是要使我们自己相信,严格说来,普通的语言哲学并不是一种语言哲学。这是一种从平凡出发的哲学,关注平凡对于哲学的重要性。在本文中,我们将分析对日常语言哲学本土化的批评和尝试,并预测卡维尔在卡维尔的农民继承中对奥斯汀和赖尔实践的日常语言哲学的辩护。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
“MY TONGUE SWORE BUT MY HEART DID NOT”: VINDICATING ORDINARY LANGUAGE PHILOSOPHY AGAINST THE PROCUSTEAN BED OF SCIENTISM IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE
Often vilified, if not outright rejected, ordinary language philosophy has been sustained, from its very beginnings, due to the farne of authors such as Austin and the later Wittgenstein; but not, however, on its own merits. These, w hen recognized, are branded as either constituting a bad philosophy of language, or simply a bad philosophy altogether. Thus, same charitable interpretations have tried to domesticate its methods to make it compatible with a mare orthodox philosophy of language. Very gradually, however, this situation is changing, largely thanks to the influence that Stanley Cavell's philosophy is having on several generations of philosophers. The main thing is to convince ourselves that ordinary language philosophy is not strictly speaking a philosophy of language. It is a philosophy that proceeds from the ordinary and pays attention to the importance that the ordinary has for philosophy. We will, in the course of this article, analyze the criticisms and attempts to domesticate ordinary language philosophy and will anticipate Cavell's defense of the ordinary language philosophy as practiced by Austin and Ryle in Cavell's inheritance of the farmer.
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