振兴民族民间戏剧:猎虎民间戏剧

Sarawuth Pintong
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摘要

“Kratua Thaeng Suea”是一个捕猎闯入城镇的老虎的故事。这是一种泰国传统的民间戏剧,已经代代相传了200多年。然而,由于审美偏好的变化,这种民间戏剧正在迅速淡出泰国社会,这导致了它的不受欢迎。目前,曼谷只剩下两个剧团,其中一个剧团最近因新冠疫情决定停止演出。如何保护这一非物质文化遗产,并将其与现代美学相结合进行传承,是一个亟待解决的问题。本研究将文献研究法与实地考察法相结合,以找出其传播所面临的一些问题。研究结果表明,为了更新这一与新的审美偏好相辅相成的民间戏剧,需要对这一戏剧的故事、服装、音乐、表演等相关元素进行现代化改造。新剧将把街头艺术、街头时尚、街头音乐、街头表演等“街头文化”融合在一起,并将从“老虎猎人”的故事转变为“拯救老虎”的故事情节。这些都可以引起社会的关注,从而达到可持续传承和保护这一民间戏剧的目的。“绿城”的新概念是新旧的结合,既体现了文化活力之美,又以“软实力”的形式树立了生态意识,而且提供了一种“文化振兴模式”,可以作为文化传承的替代模式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Revitalizing The National Folk Play: The Tiger Hunting Folk Play
“Kratua Thaeng Suea” is a story of hunting the tigers that trespass into town. It is a Thai traditional folk play which has been passed down from generation to generation for more than 200 years. However, this folk play is rapidly fading away from the Thai society due to the change of aesthetic preference which caused its unpopularity. Nowadays, there are only two troupes left in Bangkok which recently one of them decided to discontinue their show because of COVID-19 situation. How to preserve this intangible cultural heritage and combine it with modern aesthetics for transmission is an urgent issue. This study combines literature research and field trip methods in order to identify some of the problems faced in the dissemination of it. The research results show that, in order to renew this folk play that complement the new aesthetic preference, all related elements of this play such as its story, costumes, music, and performance need to be modernized. The new play will combine “Street Culture” such as street art, street fashion, street music, and street performance into the play with a new storyline which is twisted from the story of a tiger hunter to be rescuing the tigers instead. All of this could draw some attention from the society and thus achieve the goal of sustainable inheritance and preservation of this folk play. The new concept of “Kratua Thaeng Suea” is the combination between the old and the new which does not only reflect the beauty of cultural dynamic or build up the sense of ecological awareness in the form of “Soft Power”, but also provides a “Cultural Revitalizing model” which could be an alternative model to inherit the culture.
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