Optimal Configuration and Diversification of Wind Turbines: A Hybrid Approach to Improve the Penetration of Wind Power

Literature indicates a decline in the market value of wind power with increasing market penetration. Two promising measures to mitigate this market value drop are system-friendly turbines and geographical diversification. This study analyzes the combined potential of a hybrid approach used to simultaneously improve market values, reduce system costs and the overall subsidy needs in Germany. Therefore, promising diversification regions and site optimal turbine configurations are identified. The corresponding market values and levelized cost of electricity are forecasted for penetration rates of up to 65% (2030). The analysis shows that the market value drop in diversified regions using system-friendly turbines is less severe. Furthermore, the hybrid approach results in system cost and subsidy savings. Additional analyses show that the dominant share of the hybrid approach benefits can be attributed to the use of system-friendly turbines and that diversification does not seem to be a promising alternative for Germany.