Introductory Chapter: Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience - Principles, Algorithms, and Applications

The term “computational neuroscience” was introduced by Schwartz [1] through the organization of a conference in California in 1985. Cognitive and computational neuroscience evaluates the different brain functions (e.g., attention, emotion, perception, learning, consciousness, anesthesia, cognition, and memory) in terms of the information processing procedure of the brain [2]. This topic is an interdisciplinary issue that links the diverse backgrounds of neuroscience, cognitive science, psychology, mathematics, biomedical engineering, computer science, robotics, and physics. Therefore, the main idea of this book is to present a general framework for the researchers from diverse fields.