The importance of clinical and laboratory parameters of bone marrow metastasis in patients with solid malignancy – single center experience

Objective: Bone marrow biopsy is an efficient and reliable diagnostic procedure for the identification of bone marrow involvement. In recent years, bone marrow examination has become more helpful in documenting the metastatic involvement of malignancies. Method: Patients with solid tumors and anomalies in hematological parameters had their peripheral blood morphology examined at our facility. Each instance included information on the patient's peripheral blood counts, peripheral blood morphology, and prior therapies. The purpose of this study was to analyze bone marrow biopsy and aspiration for unexplained hematological abnormalities in solid cancer patients and to look into the pathological findings, clinical and hematological laboratory features, and outcomes of such patients in our facility. Additionally, we provided information on the treatment and prognosis of these patients. Results: When compared to the group that had bone marrow biopsy involvement, the lower RDW-Cv value in the former group was shown to be statistically significant (p=0.005; p0.01). It was determined that the difference between the fibrosis values of the groups with and without bone marrow biopsy involvement was statistically significant (p=0.016; p0.05). It was determined to be statistically significant (p=0.002; p0.01) that the LDH value of the group without bone marrow biopsy involvement was lower than that of the group with BM biopsy involvement. Anemia (p=0.028; p0.05), bone metastases (p=0.001; p0.01), bone marrow biopsy involvement in PET-CT (p=0.001; p0.01), and peripheral smear results (p=0.001; p0.01) all showed a statistically significant correlation. Conclusion: In conclusion, bone marrow metastasis should be considered when inexplicable hematological abnormalities, particularly unexplained anemia, and elevated RDW and LDH parameters are found in clinical practice. A bone marrow biopsy is advised for a conclusive diagnosis.