《克劳塞维茨论小规模战争》,由达斯、克里斯托弗和戴维斯编辑翻译。

Christopher Marsh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对于那些熟悉克劳塞维茨关于小规模战争的著作的人来说,这些著作主要是以1810年和1811年在普鲁士战争学院发表的一系列讲座的形式写成的,题目是“关于小规模战争的讲座”,这些著作为200多年来的叛乱、恐怖主义和党派战争提供了深刻的见解。然而,考虑到这些著作直到现在才从原来的德语翻译成英语,这确实是一个非常小的群体。许多人似乎认为《战争论》是克劳塞维茨的终极学术成就,但由于它只包含了关于人民战争的简短章节,这肯定与克劳塞维茨的思想相去甚远。达斯和戴维斯的这本书现在不仅为我们提供了这些演讲的优秀英文译本,而且还推翻了克劳塞维茨对小型战争和起义不感兴趣(如果不是完全不了解的话)的错误假设。除了克劳塞维茨本人的著作,包括1812年的《Bekenntnisdenkschrift》讲座以及《论战争》中关于“武装人民”的章节外,打破克劳塞维茨无视小规模战争的神话的功劳同样要归功于詹姆斯·戴维斯,他的介绍性章节不仅将克劳塞维茨置于背景中,但同时也阐述了本书所收集的作品中最重要的方面,以及它们是如何与叛乱、恐怖主义、游击战争,甚至特种作战(这些被视为重要的,但次于主要的军事努力)联系起来的。那些多年来一直认为克劳塞维茨与现代无关的人将不得不重新思考他们的立场,重新论证他们的观点,因为克劳塞维茨确实在国家认同与战争之间的相互关系、战争的经济逻辑、低强度冲突和不对称冲突等问题上写得清晰而巧妙。正如戴维斯所说,“盎格鲁-撒克逊学者几乎只关注未完成的《战争论》,这掩盖了克劳塞维茨战略思想的真正广度,这一思想延伸到民族解放战争、游击战、光明战争的实施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Clausewitz on Small War, edited and translated by Daase, Christopher and Davis, James W.
For those familiar with Clausewitz’s writings on small wars, mostly written in the form of a series of lectures delivered at the Prussian War College in 1810 and 1811 under the title “Lectures on Small War,” these writings have offered insight into insurgency, terrorism, and partisan warfare for over two hundred years. However, given that these writings were not translated into English from the original German until the current volume, that was a very small group indeed. Many acted as if On War was Clausewitz’s ultimate academic achievement and, because it only contains a brief chapter on people’s war, such must have been far from Clausewitz’s thinking. The present volume by Daase and Davis not only now provides us with an excellent English translation of these lectures, but they also put to death the faulty assumption that Clausewitz was uninterested, if not downright unacquainted, with small wars and insurrections. Besides the writings of Clausewitz himself, which includes in addition to the lectures the Bekenntnisdenkschrift (or Testimonials) of 1812 plus the chapter on “The Arming of the People” (Volksbewaffnung) from On War, the credit for putting the myth of Clausewitz’s disregard for small war to rest goes equally to James Davis, whose introductory chapter not only puts Clausewitz in context, but also articulates the most important aspects of the writings collected here and how they relate to insurgency, terrorism, partisan warfare, and even special operations (which are seen as critical but secondary to the main military effort). Those who have over the years disregarded Clausewitz as irrelevant to the modern age will have to rethink their positions and argue their points anew, for Clausewitz certainly wrote clearly and masterfully on issues such as the interrelationship between national identity and war, the economic logic of warfare, and low-intensity conflict and asymmetric conflict. As Davis puts it, “the near exclusive focus of Anglo-Saxon scholars on the unfinished work On War obscures the true breadth of Clausewitz’s strategic thought, which extends to the prosecution of wars of national liberation, guerrilla-style warfare, light-
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