美国缅因州潜在的重要矿藏

J. Slack, Frederick M. Beck, D. Bradley, M. Felch, R. Marvinney, A. Whittaker
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文对缅因州关键矿物和元素的潜在矿床进行了分析,包括锑、铍、铯、铬、钴、石墨、锂、锰、铌、铂族元素、铼、稀土元素、锡、钽、碲、钛、铀、钒、钨和锆的数据和讨论。根据地质背景和常用的矿床术语,矿床分为两类。一类由已知矿床组成(沉积型锰、火山成因块状硫化物、斑岩型铜钼、基性和超基性镍铜[-钴-铂族元素]、伟晶岩型锂-铯-钽),这些矿床在大多数情况下规模相对较大,记录良好,过去已被广泛探索。第二类是更大的一组不同的矿物和元素,包括很少勘探或未勘探的小型矿床、前景和矿床。本研究中使用的定性评估依赖于三个关键标准:(1)已知矿床、前景或矿产的存在;(二)根据现有矿床模式,形成某种矿床类型的有利地质条件;(3)岩石或河流沉积物中的地球化学异常,包括淘洗精矿。在本文考虑的20种不同的矿床类型中,具有高资源潜力的只有三种:(1)沉积型锰,(2)基性和超基性镍铜(-钴-铂族元素),以及(3)伟晶岩型锂-铯-钽。其他11种矿床类型具有中等潜力,包括:(1)斑岩型铜钼(-铼、硒、碲、铋、铂族元素);(2)蛇绿岩中的铬;(3)蛇绿质超镁铁岩中的铂族元素;(4)花岗岩型铀钍;(5)花岗岩体和脉中的锡;(6)碱性侵入体中的铌、钽、稀土元素;(7)多金属矿脉中的钨、铋;(8)黑色页岩中的钒;(9)造山脉及其替代物中的锑;(10)浅成热液矿床中的碲;(11)泥炭中的铀。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Potential for critical mineral deposits in Maine, USA
An analysis of the potential for deposits of critical minerals and elements in Maine presented here includes data and discussions for antimony, beryllium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, graphite, lithium, manganese, niobium, platinum group elements, rhenium, rare earth elements, tin, tantalum, tellurium, titanium, uranium, vanadium, tungsten, and zirconium. Deposits are divided into two groups based on geological settings and common ore-deposit terminology. One group consists of known deposits (sediment-hosted manganese, volcanogenic massive sulphide, porphyry copper-molybdenum, mafic- and ultramafic-hosted nickel-copper [-cobalt-platinum group elements], pegmatitic lithium-cesium-tantalum) that are in most cases relatively large, well-documented, and have been explored extensively in the past. The second, and much larger group of different minerals and elements, comprises small deposits, prospects, and occurrences that are minimally explored or unexplored. The qualitative assessment used in this study relies on three key criteria: (1) the presence of known deposits, prospects, or mineral occurrences; (2) favourable geologic settings for having certain deposit types based on current ore deposit models; and (3) geochemical anomalies in rocks or stream sediments, including panned concentrates. Among 20 different deposit types considered herein, a high resource potential is assigned only to three: (1) sediment-hosted manganese, (2) mafic- and ultramafic-hosted nickel-copper(-cobalt-platinum group elements), and (3) pegmatitic lithium-cesium-tantalum. Moderate potential is assigned to 11 other deposit types, including: (1) porphyry copper-molybdenum (-rhenium, selenium, tellurium, bismuth, platinum group elements); (2) chromium in ophiolites; (3) platinum group elements in ophiolitic ultramafic rocks; (4) granite-hosted uranium-thorium; (5) tin in granitic plutons and veins; (6) niobium, tantalum, and rare earth elements in alkaline intrusions; (7) tungsten and bismuth in polymetallic veins; (8) vanadium in black shales; (9) antimony in orogenic veins and replacements; (10) tellurium in epithermal deposits; and (11) uranium in peat.
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