农业风险管理政策的设计原则

J. Glauber, K. Baldwin, J. Antón, Urszula Ziebinska
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引用次数: 5

摘要

过去二十年来,政府对农业风险管理工具的支持大幅增加。虽然这些工具可以通过帮助农民应对不利事件的财务影响,在加强农场一级的抵御能力方面发挥作用,但它们也改变了农民投资于降低风险措施和市场工具的动机。政策设计对于最大限度地提高效率,同时尽量减少意外后果至关重要。本报告回顾了四种公共支持的农业风险管理工具(灾后援助、农业保险、收入稳定计划以及税收和储蓄措施)方面积累的经验。它提出了一些基本原则,说明各国如何利用整体方法和关注市场失灵来改进其农业风险管理政策的设计。报告还强调需要提高基本方案数据的透明度,并定期对现有方案进行公开评价。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Design principles for agricultural risk management policies
Government support for agricultural risk management tools has grown substantially over the past two decades. While these tools can play a role in strengthening farm-level resilience by helping farmers to cope with the financial impact of adverse events, they also modify farmers’ incentives to invest in risk-reducing measures and market tools. Policy design is critical to maximise effectiveness while minimising unintended consequences. This report reviews the accumulated experience on four types of publicly-supported agricultural risk management tools (ex post disaster aid, agricultural insurance, income stabilisation schemes and tax and savings measures). It suggests some basic principles on how countries can improve the design of their agricultural risk management policies, using a holistic approach and focusing on market failures. The report also highlights the need for more transparency on basic programme data, and for periodic public evaluation of existing programmes.
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