Тhe第二次Аmur复杂鱼类学考察-先决条件和初步结果

D. V. Kotsyuk, N. V. Kolpakov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2018-2019年,第二次阿穆尔河鱼类学考察已经准备好,并从2020年开始进行。该组织成立的动力是2017年和2018年阿穆尔河流域太平洋鲑鱼的捕捞量急剧下降,在2016年的最大捕捞量(6.52万吨)之后,它们的捕捞量分别减少到2.69万吨和2.16万吨。这就要求采取紧急管理决定来保护其保护区,并扩大对阿穆尔河水生生物资源的研究。这次远征具有复杂的特点;研究范围包括阿穆尔河中下游河道及其附属系统,以及汉卡湖。总共完成:约5000个站点,超过1100个水生生物样本,约4万条鱼进行生物分析。已获得并部分发表了关于太平洋鲑鱼、胡瓜鱼、淡水和鲟鱼物种的生物学的新数据(70篇论文)。还介绍了一些现代创新研究方法(使用无人机和地理信息系统来解释太平洋鲑鱼产卵,对耳石进行微化学分析以评估其人工繁殖的有效性)。所获得的结果具有广泛的实际重要性:它们被用于制定管制各种水生生物资源捕捞的措施,包括在修订《捕鱼规则》时。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Тhe second Аmur complex ichthyological expedition – prerequisites and first results
In 2018–2019 the second Amur ichthyological expedition has been prepared and is being conducted since 2020. The impetus for its organization was a sharp drop in the catches of Pacific salmons in the basin of the Amur River in 2017 and 2018, when after the maximum catch in 2016 (65,2 thousand tons), their catch decreased to 26,9 and 21,6 thousand tons, respectively. This required the adoption of urgent management decisions to preserve their reserves, as well as the expansion of the study of the Amur aquatic biological resources. The expedition has a complex character; the research covers the channel and accessory system of the middle and lower Amur, as well as Khanka Lake. Totally completed: about 5 thousand stations, more than 1,1 thousand hydrobiological samples were taken, about 40 thousand fish were subjected to bioanalysis. New data on the biology of Pacific salmon, smelts, freshwater and sturgeon fish species have been obtained and partially published (70 papers). A number of modern innovative research methods have also been introduced (the use of UAVs and GIS systems to account for Pacific salmon spawners, microchemical analysis of otoliths to assess the effectiveness of their artificial reproduction). The results obtained are of wide practical importance: they are used in the development of measures to regulate the fishing of various aquatic biological resources, including when amending the Fishing Rules.
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