基于社会项目战略管理中利益相关者观点的利益相关者识别方法

I. Kadykova, Yurii Ovsiuchenko, Igor Chumachenkо
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摘要

在社会项目战略管理中,已经提出了利益相关者识别的方法。它旨在识别和评估社会项目和计划失败的因果关系的强度。该方法基于利益相关者的思想差异,这在全纳教育项目的例子中得到了体现。引入了利益相关者优先级数的概念。给出了“风险优先级数”/“利益相关者优先级数”矩阵。我们根据利益相关者在社会项目战略管理中的观点,提出了利益相关者识别方法,分为7个步骤。第一步:根据不同群体利益相关者的想象,制作全纳教育项目失败的因果关系调查问卷。第二步:调查受访者,根据利益相关者优先级和三组利益相关者进行区分:国家作为一个制度系统;残疾人公民或者其法定代理人;精神不正常的机构访客或其法律代表。步骤3:根据6M方法(Lan, Machines, Materials, Methods, Measurements, Mother-nature)调查利益相关者对包容性项目失败因果关系的认知。第四步:绘制石川图。步骤5:根据被调查者的调查结果,采用失效模式风险优先级数的计算方法,根据失效模式和影响分析方法对识别关系的强度进行量化。步骤6:根据“风险优先级数”/“涉众优先级数”矩阵对失效模式的原因进行排序。步骤7:提出结论和建议。对调查结果的分析与因果关系的确定将确定不同利益相关者对全纳教育项目失败的原因的看法存在差异的领域。量化它们使得识别最重要的方面成为可能,这些方面需要作为项目和规划经理的优先事项来处理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
METHOD OF STAKEHOLDERS’ IDENTIFICATION BASED ON THEIR VIEWS IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL PROGRAMS
There has been proposed the method of stakeholders’ identification in strategic management of social programs. It is designed to recognize and assess the strength of causal relationships of failure of social projects and programs. The method is based on the differentiation of stakeholders by their ideas, which is revealed in the example of inclusive educational projects. The concept of stakeholder priority number has been introduced. The matrix "risk priority number" / "stakeholder priority number" is offered. We have developed the method of stakeholders’ identification based on their views in the strategic management of social programs, which consists of 7 Steps. Step 1: development of a questionnaire for the cause-and-effect relationships of the failure of inclusive educational projects according to the imagination of stakeholders of different groups. Step 2: survey of respondents with differentiation by stakeholder priority number and three groups of stakeholders: the state as a system of institutions; citizens with disabilities or their legal representatives; neurotypical visitors to institutions or their legal representatives. Step 3: investigation of stakeholders' perceptions of the cause-and-effect relationships of failure of inclusive projects according to the 6M method (Lan, Machines, Materials, Methods, Measurements, Mother-nature). Step 4: charting of Isikawa diagrams. Step 5: quantification of the strength of the identified relationships according to the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis method based on the results of a survey of respondents using the method of calculating the priority number of risk of failure mode. Step 6: ranking of the reasons for failure modes according to the "risk priority number" / "stakeholder priority number" matrix. Step 7: development of conclusions and recommendations. The analysis of the results of the poll with the identification of causal links will identify areas of disparity in the views of various stakeholders on the reasons for the failure of inclusive educational projects. Quantifying them makes it possible to identify the most important aspects that need to be addressed as a matter of priority on the part of project and program managers.
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